The circuit connection of this Arduino Solar Hybrid system may be quite complicated for beginners. But if we study the details of the circuit connection from this topic well.
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We will find that it is not difficult beyond the ability of those who have never known. “Electricity!” Connecting an Arduino circuit to a DC voltage measurement module
– The Arduino’s SCL pin is wired to the SCL pin of the voltage measuring module.
– The Arduino’s SDA pin is wired to the SDA pin of the voltage measuring module.
– The Arduino’s 5V pin is wired to the VCC pin of the voltage measuring module.
– The Arduino’s GND pin is wired to the GND pin of the voltage measuring module.
The INA219 voltage measuring module receives 5VDC power from the Arduino board and measures the voltage from the solar cell battery. to send data to Arduino all the time Therefore, when the voltage of the solar cell battery that supplies power to the 12VDC lamp is lower than 40% or when the voltage is less than the Arduino board, it will immediately switch the power supply to a 220VAC plug transformer until the INA219 module is ready. Can measure more than 80% of the voltage or when the voltage is greater than 12.46V
Arduino circuit connection with relay (2 Channel Relay)
– Pin 2 of the Arduino board is connected to pin IN1 of the 2-channel relay.
– Pin 3 of the Arduino board is connected to pin IN2 of the 2-channel relay.
– Pin 5V of the Arduino board is connected to the VCC pin of the 2-channel relay.
– Pin GND of the Arduino board connected to the GND pin of the 2 channel relay.
The relay (2 Channel Relay) receives 3.3VDC power to work from the Arduino board and receives command signals from the Arduino for supplying power to both power sources (batteries and transformers). into any network of work programs The relay receives a command signal to open or close the 1st and 2nd contacts (IN1, IN2). The 1st contact (IN 1) controls the cutting and connection of the 12VDC 3A transformer that converts the current from 220VAC The 2nd relay contact controls the cutting and connection of the solar cell battery.
Connecting DC voltage measurement module circuit with solar cell battery and relay
– Connect the VIN+ terminal of the voltage measurement module to the positive (+) terminal of the solar cell battery.
– The VIN- terminal of the voltage measuring module is wired to the NO terminal of the 2nd channel relay (IN2).
– The negative terminal (-) of the solar cell battery is connected to the negative (ground) terminal of the lamp.
– Terminal C (Common) of the 2nd channel relay (IN2) connects the wires to one terminal of the 3A fuse breaker switch.
– Connect the other terminal of the 3A fuse breaker switch to the positive (+) terminal of the lamp.
VIN+ terminal of the voltage measuring module It measures the voltage from the solar cell battery. and sends 12C data to the Arduino board, which the voltage measurement module sends data in such a way through SDA and SCL pins to Pin SDA and SCL of the Arduino board to process according to the program. And the voltage measurement module INA219 receives 5VDC power to transmit data from the Arduino as well.
Connection of AC 220V to DC 12V transformer circuit with relay and 12VDC lamp
– The positive terminal (+) of the 12V transformer is connected to the NO terminal of the IN1 relay.
– Terminal C of the IN1 relay is connected to one terminal of the 3A fuse breaker switch.
– The other pole of the 3A fuse breaker switch is connected to the positive (+) pole of the 12V lamp.
Connect the negative (-) terminal of the 12V transformer to the positive (+) terminal of the 12V lamp.
The positive (+) pole of the 12VDC transformer is connected to the NO (normally open) terminal of the 1st relay (IN1), and the C terminal of the same relay is connected to the positive (+) terminal of the 12VDC lamp through a switch. 3A fuse breaker to prevent equipment damage In the event of a relay malfunction, for example, contacts are damaged in succession all the time. In normal operation, the current from the transformer will stop at the NO terminal until the relay receives a command signal from the Arduino board to make a contact (terminal C connected to the + terminal of The lamp will be sucked to the NO terminal) so the electricity from the transformer will flow into the lamp. and complete the electrical circuit at the negative terminal (-)
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